[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-config":3,"blog-categories":6,"topic:css-view-transitions":35,"course-tree":125},{"data":4},{"google_site_verification":5,"ga4_measurement_id":5,"site_name":5,"default_og_image":5,"twitter_handle":5},null,{"data":7},[8,14,19,25,30],{"name":9,"slug":10,"description":11,"post_count":12,"subcategories":13},"CSS","css","Learn CSS with practical tutorials and examples covering layouts, Flexbox, Grid, responsive design, typography, positioning, animations, and more.",2,[],{"name":15,"slug":16,"description":17,"post_count":12,"subcategories":18},"HTML","html","Learn HTML with practical tutorials and examples for beginners. Explore HTML tags, elements, attributes, links, images, forms, semantic HTML, and more with clear explanations and real code examples.",[],{"name":20,"slug":21,"description":22,"post_count":23,"subcategories":24},"WPF","wpf","Learn WPF with practical tutorials and examples covering XAML, windows, controls, layouts, data binding, MVVM, commands, styles, templates, debugging, and modern WPF UI development.",1,[],{"name":26,"slug":27,"description":28,"post_count":23,"subcategories":29},"Python","python","Learn Python with practical tutorials covering strings, lists, functions, exceptions, files, packages, virtual environments, modules, classes, and beginner programming concepts.",[],{"name":31,"slug":32,"description":33,"post_count":23,"subcategories":34},"Java","java","Learn Java with practical tutorials and examples for beginners. Explore Java syntax, variables, data types, classes, objects, methods, inheritance, exceptions, collections, and more with clear explanations and real code examples.",[],{"data":36},{"id":37,"title":38,"slug":39,"content":40,"course":41,"subcategory":42,"author":45,"reading_time_minutes":51,"cornerstone":52,"schema_type":53,"faq_json":5,"video_url":5,"canonical_url":54,"meta_title":55,"meta_description":56,"og_image":5,"toc_json":57,"code_examples":94,"quiz":5,"exercises":108,"published_at":5,"updated_at":116,"prev":117,"next":121},146,"CSS View Transitions API: Progressive Enhancement for Page and State Animations","css-view-transitions","\u003Ch2 id=\"what-are-view-transitions\">What are view transitions?\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>The \u003Cstrong>View Transitions API\u003C\u002Fstrong> lets the browser animate between two states of a page. It takes a snapshot of the old view, applies your DOM or page change, takes a snapshot of the new view and then cross-fades or animates between them. It works for same-document changes (for example, switching a theme, reordering a list or opening a detail view in a single-page app) and, in supporting browsers, for cross-document navigation between normal multi-page website pages.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Focus keyword: \u003Cstrong>View Transitions API\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Related trending keywords: \u003Cem>document.startViewTransition\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>view-transition-name\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>@view-transition navigation auto\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>::view-transition-old and ::view-transition-new\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>shared element transition\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>page transition CSS\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>MPA view transitions\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>view-transition-class\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"why-treat-it-as-progressive-enhancement\">Why treat it as progressive enhancement?\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Browser support differs between same-document and cross-document transitions, and between browsers and versions. The safe approach is: your site must work exactly the same without the animation. If the browser does not support it, the content simply updates instantly. Always feature-detect in JavaScript, use \u003Ccode>@supports\u003C\u002Fcode> or the at-rule where appropriate, and verify support on Can I use before you depend on the feature.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"same-document-transitions-spa-or-js-state-changes\">Same-document transitions (SPA or JS state changes)\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Wrap your DOM update in \u003Ccode>document.startViewTransition(callback)\u003C\u002Fcode>. The browser captures the old state, runs the callback to update the DOM, captures the new state, and animates between them. A safe wrapper looks like this:\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>If \u003Ccode>document.startViewTransition\u003C\u002Fcode> does not exist, run the update directly.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Otherwise call \u003Ccode>document.startViewTransition(() => update())\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp>The returned object has promises: \u003Ccode>ready\u003C\u002Fcode> (pseudo-elements are created, animation is about to start), \u003Ccode>finished\u003C\u002Fcode> (animation complete) and \u003Ccode>updateCallbackDone\u003C\u002Fcode>. It also has \u003Ccode>skipTransition()\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"the-pseudo-element-tree\">The pseudo-element tree\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>::view-transition\u003C\u002Fcode>: root overlay.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>::view-transition-group(name)\u003C\u002Fcode>: handles position and size movement.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>::view-transition-image-pair(name)\u003C\u002Fcode>: holds old and new snapshots.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>::view-transition-old(name)\u003C\u002Fcode>: snapshot before the change.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>::view-transition-new(name)\u003C\u002Fcode>: snapshot after the change.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cp>The default for the whole page is the name \u003Ccode>root\u003C\u002Fcode>, a simple cross-fade. You can restyle it with normal CSS animations, for example: \u003Ccode>::view-transition-old(root) { animation: fade-out .3s; }\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"view-transition-name-shared-element-transitions\">view-transition-name: shared element transitions\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Give an element a unique \u003Ccode>view-transition-name\u003C\u002Fcode> in both states (like \u003Ccode>hero-image\u003C\u002Fcode>). The browser will morph its size and position between the old and new versions, which creates the popular shared element or hero transition. Rules: names must be unique on the page at the moment of capture, and duplicates cause the transition to be skipped. For lists, set a name per item using inline styles or \u003Ccode>attr()\u003C\u002Fcode> alternatives, or use \u003Ccode>view-transition-class\u003C\u002Fcode> to apply shared styling to many named elements.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"cross-document-multi-page-transitions\">Cross-document (multi-page) transitions\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>For normal navigations between same-origin pages, opt in with CSS on both pages: \u003Ccode>@view-transition { navigation: auto; }\u003C\u002Fcode>. Then use \u003Ccode>view-transition-name\u003C\u002Fcode> on elements that exist on both pages to morph them. Events such as \u003Ccode>pageswap\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>pagereveal\u003C\u002Fcode> let you customize the transition with JavaScript. Keep pages fast: the transition waits for the new page to be ready to render, so slow pages will feel slow.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"view-transition-types\">View transition types\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>You can pass types (for example \u003Ccode>forward\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>back\u003C\u002Fcode>) and target them with \u003Ccode>:active-view-transition-type(forward)\u003C\u002Fcode> in CSS to use different animations per direction.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"accessibility-and-performance\">Accessibility and performance\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Respect \u003Ccode>prefers-reduced-motion\u003C\u002Fcode>: disable or shorten custom animations, or keep only a simple fade.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Keep durations short (about 200ms to 400ms).\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>During a transition, the page shows snapshots, so the old content is not interactive. Keep it brief.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Focus management still matters. After the update, move focus to a sensible place and update the page title for SPAs.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Do not rely on it to communicate state. Use normal, accessible DOM changes.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"quick-summary\">Quick summary\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Use the \u003Cstrong>View Transitions API\u003C\u002Fstrong> to add polished state and page animations with very little code. Feature-detect, keep the no-animation path fully functional and respect reduced motion.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  :root { --bg: #ffffff; --fg: #0f172a; }\n  :root.dark { --bg: #0f172a; --fg: #f8fafc; }\n  body { margin: 0; min-height: 200px; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--bg); color: var(--fg); font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }\n  button { padding: 12px 20px; border-radius: 10px; border: 0; background: #6366f1; color: #fff; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; }\n  ::view-transition-old(root), ::view-transition-new(root) { animation-duration: .45s; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div><h2>Theme toggle<\u002Fh2><button id='toggle'>Toggle theme<\u002Fbutton><\u002Fdiv>\n<script>\n  function update() { document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark'); }\n  document.getElementById('toggle').addEventListener('click', function () {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { update(); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(function () { update(); });\n  });\n<\u002Fscript>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 24px; }\n  .grid { display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n  .tile { width: 90px; height: 90px; border-radius: 12px; color: #fff; display: grid; place-items: center; font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; }\n  .a { background: #ef4444; view-transition-name: tile-a; }\n  .b { background: #10b981; view-transition-name: tile-b; }\n  .c { background: #3b82f6; view-transition-name: tile-c; }\n  .d { background: #f59e0b; view-transition-name: tile-d; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button id='shuffle'>Shuffle tiles<\u002Fbutton>\n<div class='grid' id='grid' style='margin-top: 16px'>\n  <div class='tile a'>A<\u002Fdiv><div class='tile b'>B<\u002Fdiv><div class='tile c'>C<\u002Fdiv><div class='tile d'>D<\u002Fdiv>\n<\u002Fdiv>\n<script>\n  function shuffle() {\n    var grid = document.getElementById('grid');\n    var items = Array.prototype.slice.call(grid.children);\n    items.sort(function () { return Math.random() - 0.5; });\n    items.forEach(function (el) { grid.appendChild(el); });\n  }\n  document.getElementById('shuffle').addEventListener('click', function () {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { shuffle(); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(shuffle);\n  });\n<\u002Fscript>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 24px; }\n  .thumb { width: 120px; height: 80px; border-radius: 10px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8b5cf6, #ec4899); cursor: pointer; }\n  .full { width: 100%; max-width: 420px; height: 240px; border-radius: 16px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8b5cf6, #ec4899); }\n  .hero { view-transition-name: hero; }\n  .hidden { display: none; }\n  ::view-transition-group(hero) { animation-duration: .5s; animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1); }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div id='list'><div class='thumb hero' id='thumb'><\u002Fdiv><p>Click the thumbnail to morph it into a large image.<\u002Fp><\u002Fdiv>\n<div id='detail' class='hidden'><div class='full' id='full'><\u002Fdiv><p><button id='back'>Back<\u002Fbutton><\u002Fp><\u002Fdiv>\n<script>\n  function show(detail) {\n    var t = document.getElementById('thumb');\n    var f = document.getElementById('full');\n    document.getElementById('list').classList.toggle('hidden', detail);\n    document.getElementById('detail').classList.toggle('hidden', !detail);\n    if (detail) { t.classList.remove('hero'); f.classList.add('hero'); } else { f.classList.remove('hero'); t.classList.add('hero'); }\n  }\n  function go(detail) {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { show(detail); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(function () { show(detail); });\n  }\n  document.getElementById('thumb').addEventListener('click', function () { go(true); });\n  document.getElementById('back').addEventListener('click', function () { go(false); });\n<\u002Fscript>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-css\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode>\u002F* shared.css: include on every page of a same-origin multi-page site *\u002F\n@view-transition {\n  navigation: auto;\n}\n\n\u002F* Morph the site header between pages *\u002F\nheader.site {\n  view-transition-name: site-header;\n}\n\n\u002F* Custom page animation *\u002F\n@keyframes fade-out { to { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-10px); } }\n@keyframes fade-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); } }\n\n::view-transition-old(root) {\n  animation: .25s ease-in both fade-out;\n}\n::view-transition-new(root) {\n  animation: .35s ease-out both fade-in;\n}\n\n\u002F* Respect user motion settings *\u002F\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n  ::view-transition-group(*),\n  ::view-transition-old(*),\n  ::view-transition-new(*) {\n    animation: none !important;\n  }\n}\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"name":9,"slug":10},{"name":43,"slug":44},"Transitions & Animation","transitions-animation",{"slug":46,"display_name":47,"job_title":5,"short_bio":5,"expertise_tags":48,"headshot":5,"long_bio":5,"credentials":5,"twitter_url":5,"linkedin_url":5,"github_url":5,"personal_website_url":5,"other_sameas_urls":5,"topics":49,"posts":50},"badar-khalil","Badar Khalil",[],[],[],5,false,"Article","https:\u002F\u002Fwpfsharp.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fcss-view-transitions","CSS View Transitions API: Complete Progressive Guide","Learn the View Transitions API: startViewTransition, view-transition-name, ::view-transition pseudo-elements, cross-document transitions and safe fallbacks.",[58,62,66,70,74,78,82,86,90],{"id":59,"text":60,"level":12,"children":61},"what-are-view-transitions","What are view transitions?",[],{"id":63,"text":64,"level":12,"children":65},"why-treat-it-as-progressive-enhancement","Why treat it as progressive enhancement?",[],{"id":67,"text":68,"level":12,"children":69},"same-document-transitions-spa-or-js-state-changes","Same-document transitions (SPA or JS state changes)",[],{"id":71,"text":72,"level":12,"children":73},"the-pseudo-element-tree","The pseudo-element tree",[],{"id":75,"text":76,"level":12,"children":77},"view-transition-name-shared-element-transitions","view-transition-name: shared element transitions",[],{"id":79,"text":80,"level":12,"children":81},"cross-document-multi-page-transitions","Cross-document (multi-page) transitions",[],{"id":83,"text":84,"level":12,"children":85},"view-transition-types","View transition types",[],{"id":87,"text":88,"level":12,"children":89},"accessibility-and-performance","Accessibility and performance",[],{"id":91,"text":92,"level":12,"children":93},"quick-summary","Quick summary",[],[95,99,102,105],{"id":96,"language":16,"code":97,"is_editable":98},595,"\u003Cstyle>\n  :root { --bg: #ffffff; --fg: #0f172a; }\n  :root.dark { --bg: #0f172a; --fg: #f8fafc; }\n  body { margin: 0; min-height: 200px; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--bg); color: var(--fg); font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }\n  button { padding: 12px 20px; border-radius: 10px; border: 0; background: #6366f1; color: #fff; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; }\n  ::view-transition-old(root), ::view-transition-new(root) { animation-duration: .45s; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv>\u003Ch2>Theme toggle\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cbutton id='toggle'>Toggle theme\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cscript>\n  function update() { document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark'); }\n  document.getElementById('toggle').addEventListener('click', function () {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { update(); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(function () { update(); });\n  });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>",true,{"id":100,"language":16,"code":101,"is_editable":98},596,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 24px; }\n  .grid { display: flex; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n  .tile { width: 90px; height: 90px; border-radius: 12px; color: #fff; display: grid; place-items: center; font-weight: 700; cursor: pointer; }\n  .a { background: #ef4444; view-transition-name: tile-a; }\n  .b { background: #10b981; view-transition-name: tile-b; }\n  .c { background: #3b82f6; view-transition-name: tile-c; }\n  .d { background: #f59e0b; view-transition-name: tile-d; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton id='shuffle'>Shuffle tiles\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cdiv class='grid' id='grid' style='margin-top: 16px'>\n  \u003Cdiv class='tile a'>A\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class='tile b'>B\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class='tile c'>C\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class='tile d'>D\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cscript>\n  function shuffle() {\n    var grid = document.getElementById('grid');\n    var items = Array.prototype.slice.call(grid.children);\n    items.sort(function () { return Math.random() - 0.5; });\n    items.forEach(function (el) { grid.appendChild(el); });\n  }\n  document.getElementById('shuffle').addEventListener('click', function () {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { shuffle(); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(shuffle);\n  });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>",{"id":103,"language":16,"code":104,"is_editable":98},597,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 24px; }\n  .thumb { width: 120px; height: 80px; border-radius: 10px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8b5cf6, #ec4899); cursor: pointer; }\n  .full { width: 100%; max-width: 420px; height: 240px; border-radius: 16px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8b5cf6, #ec4899); }\n  .hero { view-transition-name: hero; }\n  .hidden { display: none; }\n  ::view-transition-group(hero) { animation-duration: .5s; animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(.2, .8, .2, 1); }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv id='list'>\u003Cdiv class='thumb hero' id='thumb'>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>Click the thumbnail to morph it into a large image.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv id='detail' class='hidden'>\u003Cdiv class='full' id='full'>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cp>\u003Cbutton id='back'>Back\u003C\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cscript>\n  function show(detail) {\n    var t = document.getElementById('thumb');\n    var f = document.getElementById('full');\n    document.getElementById('list').classList.toggle('hidden', detail);\n    document.getElementById('detail').classList.toggle('hidden', !detail);\n    if (detail) { t.classList.remove('hero'); f.classList.add('hero'); } else { f.classList.remove('hero'); t.classList.add('hero'); }\n  }\n  function go(detail) {\n    if (!document.startViewTransition) { show(detail); return; }\n    document.startViewTransition(function () { show(detail); });\n  }\n  document.getElementById('thumb').addEventListener('click', function () { go(true); });\n  document.getElementById('back').addEventListener('click', function () { go(false); });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>",{"id":106,"language":10,"code":107,"is_editable":98},598,"\u002F* shared.css: include on every page of a same-origin multi-page site *\u002F\n@view-transition {\n  navigation: auto;\n}\n\n\u002F* Morph the site header between pages *\u002F\nheader.site {\n  view-transition-name: site-header;\n}\n\n\u002F* Custom page animation *\u002F\n@keyframes fade-out { to { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(-10px); } }\n@keyframes fade-in { from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(10px); } }\n\n::view-transition-old(root) {\n  animation: .25s ease-in both fade-out;\n}\n::view-transition-new(root) {\n  animation: .35s ease-out both fade-in;\n}\n\n\u002F* Respect user motion settings *\u002F\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {\n  ::view-transition-group(*),\n  ::view-transition-old(*),\n  ::view-transition-new(*) {\n    animation: none !important;\n  }\n}",[109],{"id":110,"title":111,"slug":112,"prompt":113,"starter_code":114,"expected_output":115,"language":16,"order_index":23},210,"Add a safe view transition to a list reorder","view-transition-list-reorder","Wrap the DOM update in document.startViewTransition, but only when the API exists and the user does not prefer reduced motion. Give every list item a unique view-transition-name so items slide to their new positions.","\u003Cstyle>\n  li { padding: 10px; margin: 6px 0; background: #e0e7ff; border-radius: 8px; list-style: none; width: 220px; font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; }\n  \u002F* TODO: unique view-transition-name for each li *\u002F\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton id='rev'>Reverse\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cul id='list'>\u003Cli id='one'>One\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli id='two'>Two\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli id='three'>Three\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\n\u003Cscript>\n  function reverse() {\n    var ul = document.getElementById('list');\n    Array.prototype.slice.call(ul.children).reverse().forEach(function (li) { ul.appendChild(li); });\n  }\n  document.getElementById('rev').addEventListener('click', function () {\n    \u002F\u002F TODO: feature-detect startViewTransition and prefers-reduced-motion\n    reverse();\n  });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>","Clicking Reverse smoothly slides the list items into their new order in supporting browsers, and instantly reorders them in browsers without support or when reduced motion is on.","2026-09-30T18:50:34+00:00",{"id":118,"slug":119,"title":120},145,"css-scroll-driven-animations","CSS Scroll-Driven Animations: animation-timeline, scroll() and view()",{"id":122,"slug":123,"title":124},147,"motion-accessibility-prefers-reduced-motion-performance","Motion Accessibility and Performance: prefers-reduced-motion, will-change and Smooth 60fps Animations",{"data":126},[127,448],{"id":23,"name":15,"slug":128,"icon":5,"icon_url":5,"short_description":129,"meta_title":130,"meta_description":131,"og_image":132,"locale":133,"subcategories":134},"html-tutorial","Welcome to our HTML Tutorial for Beginners, a complete guide designed to help you learn HTML from the ground up.\n\nHTML, which stands for HyperText Markup Language, is the standard language used to structure content on the web. 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