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backface-visibility","css-3d-transforms",{"id":631,"title":632,"slug":633,"order_index":235,"cornerstone":26,"reading_time_minutes":39},144,"CSS Keyframe Animations: @keyframes, animation shorthand, fill-mode and @property","css-keyframe-animations",{"id":635,"title":636,"slug":637,"order_index":240,"cornerstone":26,"reading_time_minutes":39},145,"CSS Scroll-Driven Animations: animation-timeline, scroll() and view()","css-scroll-driven-animations",{"id":639,"title":640,"slug":641,"order_index":245,"cornerstone":26,"reading_time_minutes":39},146,"CSS View Transitions API: Progressive Enhancement for Page and State Animations","css-view-transitions",{"id":643,"title":644,"slug":645,"order_index":250,"cornerstone":26,"reading_time_minutes":43},147,"Motion Accessibility and Performance: prefers-reduced-motion, will-change and Smooth 60fps Animations","motion-accessibility-prefers-reduced-motion-performance",{"data":647},[648,651,655,660,665],{"name":335,"slug":336,"description":649,"post_count":23,"subcategories":650},"Learn CSS with practical tutorials and examples covering layouts, Flexbox, Grid, responsive design, typography, positioning, animations, and more.",[],{"name":10,"slug":652,"description":653,"post_count":23,"subcategories":654},"html","Learn HTML with practical tutorials and examples for beginners. Explore HTML tags, elements, attributes, links, images, forms, semantic HTML, and more with clear explanations and real code examples.",[],{"name":656,"slug":657,"description":658,"post_count":9,"subcategories":659},"WPF","wpf","Learn WPF with practical tutorials and examples covering XAML, windows, controls, layouts, data binding, MVVM, commands, styles, templates, debugging, and modern WPF UI development.",[],{"name":661,"slug":662,"description":663,"post_count":9,"subcategories":664},"Python","python","Learn Python with practical tutorials covering strings, lists, functions, exceptions, files, packages, virtual environments, modules, classes, and beginner programming concepts.",[],{"name":666,"slug":667,"description":668,"post_count":9,"subcategories":669},"Java","java","Learn Java with practical tutorials and examples for beginners. Explore Java syntax, variables, data types, classes, objects, methods, inheritance, exceptions, collections, and more with clear explanations and real code examples.",[],{"data":671},{"id":475,"title":476,"slug":477,"content":672,"course":673,"subcategory":674,"author":675,"reading_time_minutes":43,"cornerstone":26,"schema_type":681,"faq_json":5,"video_url":5,"canonical_url":682,"meta_title":683,"meta_description":684,"og_image":5,"toc_json":685,"code_examples":754,"quiz":5,"exercises":784,"published_at":5,"updated_at":799,"prev":800,"next":801},"\u003Ch2 id=\"css-padding-complete-guide-with-shorthand-percentages-and-examples\">CSS Padding: Complete Guide with Shorthand, Percentages and Examples\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>CSS padding\u003C\u002Fstrong> is the space between an element content and its border. Padding makes buttons comfortable to tap, cards easy to read and sections breathe. Unlike margin, padding is inside the element, so the element background color or image is painted behind it. Mastering padding is essential for clean UI design, responsive layouts and accessibility.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"what-you-will-learn\">What You Will Learn\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Padding longhand and shorthand (1 to 4 values)\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>How percentage padding really works\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Padding on inline, inline-block and block elements\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>How box-sizing changes the effect of padding\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Fluid padding with \u003Ccode>clamp()\u003C\u002Fcode> and rem units\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Padding vs margin, and accessible tap target sizes\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-longhand-properties\">Padding Longhand Properties\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Use \u003Ccode>padding-top\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>padding-right\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>padding-bottom\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>padding-left\u003C\u002Fcode> to control each side separately.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-shorthand-syntax\">Padding Shorthand Syntax\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>padding: 16px;\u003C\u002Fcode> all four sides\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>padding: 12px 24px;\u003C\u002Fcode> vertical, horizontal\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>padding: 8px 16px 24px;\u003C\u002Fcode> top, horizontal, bottom\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>padding: 8px 16px 24px 32px;\u003C\u002Fcode> top, right, bottom, left (clockwise)\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"key-rules-of-padding\">Key Rules of Padding\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>No negative values.\u003C\u002Fstrong> Padding can never be negative. Use negative margin when you need to pull things closer.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Background shows through.\u003C\u002Fstrong> Background color and images extend under the padding by default.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Padding never collapses.\u003C\u002Fstrong> Unlike vertical margins, padding values never merge.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Padding increases size in content-box mode.\u003C\u002Fstrong> With \u003Ccode>box-sizing: border-box\u003C\u002Fcode>, padding is included in the declared width and height.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Padding is clickable.\u003C\u002Fstrong> For links and buttons, padding is part of the clickable area.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"percentage-padding\">Percentage Padding\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Percentage padding on all four sides, including top and bottom, is calculated from the \u003Cstrong>width\u003C\u002Fstrong> (inline size) of the containing block. A child with \u003Ccode>padding: 10%\u003C\u002Fcode> inside a 400px wide parent gets 40px of padding on every side. This behaviour powered the old aspect-ratio hack (\u003Ccode>padding-top: 56.25%\u003C\u002Fcode> for 16:9 video), but today you should use the native \u003Ccode>aspect-ratio\u003C\u002Fcode> property instead.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-on-inline-elements\">Padding on Inline Elements\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>For inline elements like span and a, horizontal padding pushes text apart as expected. Vertical padding is painted around the text but does not push neighbouring lines away, so it can overlap other lines. For true vertical spacing, use \u003Ccode>display: inline-block\u003C\u002Fcode>, flex or block. This is why navigation links and buttons are usually inline-block, flex items or block elements.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-and-box-sizing\">Padding and box-sizing\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>In content-box mode, a box with \u003Ccode>width: 200px\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>padding: 20px\u003C\u002Fcode> becomes 240px wide. In border-box mode, it stays 200px and the content area shrinks to 160px. Always set \u003Ccode>box-sizing: border-box\u003C\u002Fcode> globally so that adding padding never breaks your layout. See the box model lesson for the reset snippet.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"logical-padding-properties\">Logical Padding Properties\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Use \u003Ccode>padding-inline\u003C\u002Fcode> (left and right in horizontal languages), \u003Ccode>padding-block\u003C\u002Fcode> (top and bottom), plus \u003Ccode>padding-inline-start\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>padding-inline-end\u003C\u002Fcode> for direction-aware spacing. They work properly in right-to-left languages such as Urdu and Arabic without extra CSS.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"fluid-and-responsive-padding-with-clamp\">Fluid and Responsive Padding with clamp()\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Instead of many media queries, use \u003Ccode>clamp(min, preferred, max)\u003C\u002Fcode> to make padding scale smoothly with the viewport: \u003Ccode>padding-block: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 6rem);\u003C\u002Fcode>. The padding never goes below 2rem, never exceeds 6rem and scales fluidly in between. This is a very popular modern responsive design technique, often combined with CSS custom properties for a spacing scale.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"px-em-and-rem-for-padding\">px, em and rem for Padding\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>px\u003C\u002Fcode>: fixed and predictable, good for fine details.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>rem\u003C\u002Fcode>: relative to the root font size, great for consistent spacing systems that respect user font-size preferences.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>em\u003C\u002Fcode>: relative to the element own font size, perfect for buttons whose padding should scale with the text, for example \u003Ccode>padding: 0.5em 1em;\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-for-accessibility-tap-targets\">Padding for Accessibility: Tap Targets\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cp>Small clickable areas are hard to use on touch devices. WCAG 2.2 requires a minimum target size of 24 by 24 CSS pixels (Level AA, Success Criterion 2.5.8) and describes 44 by 44 pixels as the enhanced size (Level AAA, SC 2.5.5), which is also common platform guidance. Use padding to enlarge the clickable area without changing the visual text size.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"padding-vs-margin\">Padding vs Margin\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Ctable>\u003Cthead>\u003Ctr>\u003Cth>Feature\u003C\u002Fth>\u003Cth>Padding\u003C\u002Fth>\u003Cth>Margin\u003C\u002Fth>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003C\u002Fthead>\u003Ctbody>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>Location\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Inside the border\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Outside the border\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>Shows background\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Yes\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>No (transparent)\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>Can collapse\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Never\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Vertical margins can\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>Negative values\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Not allowed\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Allowed\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>Clickable area\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Part of it\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>Not part of it\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003C\u002Ftbody>\u003C\u002Ftable>\u003Ch3 id=\"real-world-uses-of-padding\">Real-World Uses of Padding\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Buttons: \u003Ccode>padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Cards: \u003Ccode>padding: 1.5rem;\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Page sections: \u003Ccode>padding-block: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 6rem);\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Page gutters: \u003Ccode>padding-inline: 1rem;\u003C\u002Fcode> on a full-width container\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Form fields: \u003Ccode>padding: 0.6em 0.8em;\u003C\u002Fcode> for comfortable typing\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"common-mistakes\">Common Mistakes\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Adding padding to a width: 100% element in content-box mode, causing overflow.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Trying to use negative padding.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Expecting vertical padding on inline elements to push other lines.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Using margin when you need the background to extend (use padding).\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Using tiny padding on touch targets.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch3 id=\"frequently-asked-questions\">Frequently Asked Questions\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Ch4 id=\"what-is-the-difference-between-padding-and-margin\">What is the difference between padding and margin?\u003C\u002Fh4>\u003Cp>Padding is space inside the element, between content and border. Margin is space outside the border, between elements.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch4 id=\"why-is-my-percentage-padding-so-large\">Why is my percentage padding so large?\u003C\u002Fh4>\u003Cp>Percentage padding is based on the parent width, even for top and bottom.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch4 id=\"can-padding-be-negative\">Can padding be negative?\u003C\u002Fh4>\u003Cp>No. Negative padding values are invalid.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch4 id=\"does-padding-increase-the-element-size\">Does padding increase the element size?\u003C\u002Fh4>\u003Cp>Only in content-box mode. With border-box, padding is included in the width.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch3 id=\"key-takeaways\">Key Takeaways\u003C\u002Fh3>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Padding is inside the border and shows the background.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Shorthand follows top, right, bottom, left order.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Percentage padding is based on the containing block width.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Use rem, em, clamp() and logical properties for flexible modern spacing.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Use padding to meet accessible tap target sizes.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.p { background: #aed6f1; margin: 8px 0; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.p1 { padding: 16px; }\n.p2 { padding: 12px 40px; }\n.p3 { padding: 8px 16px 32px; }\n.p4 { padding: 8px 16px 24px 64px; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='p p1'>padding: 16px<\u002Fdiv>\n<div class='p p2'>padding: 12px 40px<\u002Fdiv>\n<div class='p p3'>padding: 8px 16px 32px<\u002Fdiv>\n<div class='p p4'>padding: 8px 16px 24px 64px<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n* { box-sizing: border-box; }\n.parent { width: 400px; background: #eee; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.child { padding: 10%; background: #f9e79f; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='parent'>\n  <div class='child'>padding: 10% gives 40px on every side (10% of the 400px parent width).<\u002Fdiv>\n<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.btn { background: #2563eb; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 16px; margin: 8px; }\n.tight { padding: 2px 4px; }\n.comfy { padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem; }\n.scaled { padding: 0.5em 1em; font-size: 24px; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button class='btn tight'>Tight<\u002Fbutton>\n<button class='btn comfy'>Comfortable<\u002Fbutton>\n<button class='btn scaled'>em-based<\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.inline-link { background: #fad7a0; padding: 14px 24px; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.block-link { display: inline-block; background: #abebc6; padding: 14px 24px; font-family: sans-serif; }\np { line-height: 1.4; font-family: sans-serif; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<p>Inline padding overlaps lines: <span class='inline-link'>inline span<\u002Fspan> text text text text text text<\u002Fp>\n<p>Inline-block padding pushes lines: <span class='block-link'>inline-block<\u002Fspan> text text text text text text<\u002Fp>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.section { padding-block: clamp(1.5rem, 6vw, 5rem); padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem); background: #d5f5e3; font-family: sans-serif; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='section'>Resize the preview window: the padding scales fluidly between the minimum and maximum.<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n:root { --space-s: 0.5rem; --space-m: 1rem; --space-l: 2rem; }\n.card { padding: var(--space-m); border: 2px solid #8e44ad; border-radius: 10px; max-width: 320px; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.card.large { padding: var(--space-l); margin-top: var(--space-m); }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='card'>Medium padding from a CSS variable<\u002Fdiv>\n<div class='card large'>Large padding from a CSS variable<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.icon-btn { background: #eee; border: 1px solid #999; font-size: 14px; margin: 8px; cursor: pointer; }\n.small { padding: 0; }\n.accessible { padding: 12px 16px; min-width: 44px; min-height: 44px; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button class='icon-btn small'>x<\u002Fbutton>\n<button class='icon-btn accessible'>x<\u002Fbutton>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n.video { aspect-ratio: 16 \u002F 9; width: 320px; background: #34495e; color: white; display: grid; place-items: center; font-family: sans-serif; }\n\u002F* Old hack for comparison: height: 0; padding-top: 56.25%; *\u002F\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='video'>16:9 with aspect-ratio<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-javascript\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode>const box = document.createElement('div');\nbox.style.cssText = 'width:400px;padding:10%;box-sizing:border-box;';\ndocument.body.appendChild(box);\nconst cs = getComputedStyle(box);\nconsole.log('padding-top:', cs.paddingTop);\nconsole.log('padding-left:', cs.paddingLeft);\nbox.remove();\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"name":335,"slug":336},{"name":463,"slug":464},{"slug":676,"display_name":677,"job_title":5,"short_bio":5,"expertise_tags":678,"headshot":5,"long_bio":5,"credentials":5,"twitter_url":5,"linkedin_url":5,"github_url":5,"personal_website_url":5,"other_sameas_urls":5,"topics":679,"posts":680},"badar-khalil","Badar Khalil",[],[],[],"Article","https:\u002F\u002Fwpfsharp.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fcss-padding","CSS Padding Explained: Shorthand, Percent & Examples","Learn CSS padding with shorthand, percentage padding, padding-inline, box-sizing effects, fluid clamp() padding and padding vs margin tips.",[686],{"id":687,"text":688,"level":23,"children":689},"css-padding-complete-guide-with-shorthand-percentages-and-examples","CSS Padding: Complete Guide with Shorthand, Percentages and Examples",[690,694,698,702,706,710,714,718,722,726,730,734,738,742,746,750],{"id":691,"text":692,"level":31,"children":693},"what-you-will-learn","What You Will Learn",[],{"id":695,"text":696,"level":31,"children":697},"padding-longhand-properties","Padding Longhand Properties",[],{"id":699,"text":700,"level":31,"children":701},"padding-shorthand-syntax","Padding Shorthand Syntax",[],{"id":703,"text":704,"level":31,"children":705},"key-rules-of-padding","Key Rules of Padding",[],{"id":707,"text":708,"level":31,"children":709},"percentage-padding","Percentage Padding",[],{"id":711,"text":712,"level":31,"children":713},"padding-on-inline-elements","Padding on Inline Elements",[],{"id":715,"text":716,"level":31,"children":717},"padding-and-box-sizing","Padding and box-sizing",[],{"id":719,"text":720,"level":31,"children":721},"logical-padding-properties","Logical Padding Properties",[],{"id":723,"text":724,"level":31,"children":725},"fluid-and-responsive-padding-with-clamp","Fluid and Responsive Padding with clamp()",[],{"id":727,"text":728,"level":31,"children":729},"px-em-and-rem-for-padding","px, em and rem for Padding",[],{"id":731,"text":732,"level":31,"children":733},"padding-for-accessibility-tap-targets","Padding for Accessibility: Tap Targets",[],{"id":735,"text":736,"level":31,"children":737},"padding-vs-margin","Padding vs Margin",[],{"id":739,"text":740,"level":31,"children":741},"real-world-uses-of-padding","Real-World Uses of Padding",[],{"id":743,"text":744,"level":31,"children":745},"common-mistakes","Common Mistakes",[],{"id":747,"text":748,"level":31,"children":749},"frequently-asked-questions","Frequently Asked Questions",[],{"id":751,"text":752,"level":31,"children":753},"key-takeaways","Key Takeaways",[],[755,759,762,765,768,771,774,777,780],{"id":756,"language":652,"code":757,"is_editable":758},307,"\u003Cstyle>\n.p { background: #aed6f1; margin: 8px 0; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.p1 { padding: 16px; }\n.p2 { padding: 12px 40px; }\n.p3 { padding: 8px 16px 32px; }\n.p4 { padding: 8px 16px 24px 64px; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='p p1'>padding: 16px\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class='p p2'>padding: 12px 40px\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class='p p3'>padding: 8px 16px 32px\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class='p p4'>padding: 8px 16px 24px 64px\u003C\u002Fdiv>",true,{"id":760,"language":652,"code":761,"is_editable":758},308,"\u003Cstyle>\n* { box-sizing: border-box; }\n.parent { width: 400px; background: #eee; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.child { padding: 10%; background: #f9e79f; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='parent'>\n  \u003Cdiv class='child'>padding: 10% gives 40px on every side (10% of the 400px parent width).\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":763,"language":652,"code":764,"is_editable":758},309,"\u003Cstyle>\n.btn { background: #2563eb; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 16px; margin: 8px; }\n.tight { padding: 2px 4px; }\n.comfy { padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem; }\n.scaled { padding: 0.5em 1em; font-size: 24px; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='btn tight'>Tight\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cbutton class='btn comfy'>Comfortable\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cbutton class='btn scaled'>em-based\u003C\u002Fbutton>",{"id":766,"language":652,"code":767,"is_editable":758},310,"\u003Cstyle>\n.inline-link { background: #fad7a0; padding: 14px 24px; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.block-link { display: inline-block; background: #abebc6; padding: 14px 24px; font-family: sans-serif; }\np { line-height: 1.4; font-family: sans-serif; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cp>Inline padding overlaps lines: \u003Cspan class='inline-link'>inline span\u003C\u002Fspan> text text text text text text\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Inline-block padding pushes lines: \u003Cspan class='block-link'>inline-block\u003C\u002Fspan> text text text text text text\u003C\u002Fp>",{"id":769,"language":652,"code":770,"is_editable":758},311,"\u003Cstyle>\n.section { padding-block: clamp(1.5rem, 6vw, 5rem); padding-inline: clamp(1rem, 4vw, 3rem); background: #d5f5e3; font-family: sans-serif; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='section'>Resize the preview window: the padding scales fluidly between the minimum and maximum.\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":772,"language":652,"code":773,"is_editable":758},312,"\u003Cstyle>\n:root { --space-s: 0.5rem; --space-m: 1rem; --space-l: 2rem; }\n.card { padding: var(--space-m); border: 2px solid #8e44ad; border-radius: 10px; max-width: 320px; font-family: sans-serif; }\n.card.large { padding: var(--space-l); margin-top: var(--space-m); }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='card'>Medium padding from a CSS variable\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cdiv class='card large'>Large padding from a CSS variable\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":775,"language":652,"code":776,"is_editable":758},313,"\u003Cstyle>\n.icon-btn { background: #eee; border: 1px solid #999; font-size: 14px; margin: 8px; cursor: pointer; }\n.small { padding: 0; }\n.accessible { padding: 12px 16px; min-width: 44px; min-height: 44px; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='icon-btn small'>x\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cbutton class='icon-btn accessible'>x\u003C\u002Fbutton>",{"id":778,"language":652,"code":779,"is_editable":758},314,"\u003Cstyle>\n.video { aspect-ratio: 16 \u002F 9; width: 320px; background: #34495e; color: white; display: grid; place-items: center; font-family: sans-serif; }\n\u002F* Old hack for comparison: height: 0; padding-top: 56.25%; *\u002F\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='video'>16:9 with aspect-ratio\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":781,"language":782,"code":783,"is_editable":758},315,"javascript","const box = document.createElement('div');\nbox.style.cssText = 'width:400px;padding:10%;box-sizing:border-box;';\ndocument.body.appendChild(box);\nconst cs = getComputedStyle(box);\nconsole.log('padding-top:', cs.paddingTop);\nconsole.log('padding-left:', cs.paddingLeft);\nbox.remove();",[785,792],{"id":786,"title":787,"slug":788,"prompt":789,"starter_code":790,"expected_output":791,"language":652,"order_index":9},123,"Make a Comfortable Button","make-comfortable-button","Add padding so the button is at least 44px tall and has roughly twice as much horizontal padding as vertical padding. Use em or rem units, and keep the font size unchanged.","\u003Cstyle>\n.btn { background: #2563eb; color: white; border: none; border-radius: 8px; font-size: 16px; }\n\u002F* Add padding here *\u002F\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='btn'>Subscribe\u003C\u002Fbutton>",".btn { padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem; } (about 44px tall).",{"id":793,"title":794,"slug":795,"prompt":796,"starter_code":797,"expected_output":798,"language":652,"order_index":23},124,"Responsive Section Padding","responsive-section-padding","Give .hero vertical padding that scales between 2rem and 6rem using clamp() with a 6vw preferred value, and horizontal padding of 1rem. Use logical properties.","\u003Cstyle>\n.hero { background: #fdebd0; font-family: sans-serif; }\n\u002F* Your padding here *\u002F\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='hero'>Fluid hero section\u003C\u002Fdiv>",".hero { padding-block: clamp(2rem, 6vw, 6rem); padding-inline: 1rem; }","2026-09-30T16:55:40+00:00",{"id":471,"slug":473,"title":472},{"id":479,"slug":481,"title":480}]