[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"site-config":3,"blog-categories":6,"topic:html-input-attributes-required-placeholder-pattern":35,"course-tree":108},{"data":4},{"google_site_verification":5,"ga4_measurement_id":5,"site_name":5,"default_og_image":5,"twitter_handle":5},null,{"data":7},[8,14,19,25,30],{"name":9,"slug":10,"description":11,"post_count":12,"subcategories":13},"CSS","css","Learn CSS with practical tutorials and examples covering layouts, Flexbox, Grid, responsive design, typography, positioning, animations, and more.",2,[],{"name":15,"slug":16,"description":17,"post_count":12,"subcategories":18},"HTML","html","Learn HTML with practical tutorials and examples for beginners. 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Explore Java syntax, variables, data types, classes, objects, methods, inheritance, exceptions, collections, and more with clear explanations and real code examples.",[],{"data":36},{"id":37,"title":38,"slug":39,"content":40,"course":41,"subcategory":43,"author":46,"reading_time_minutes":12,"cornerstone":52,"schema_type":53,"faq_json":5,"video_url":5,"canonical_url":54,"meta_title":55,"meta_description":56,"og_image":5,"toc_json":57,"code_examples":82,"quiz":5,"exercises":91,"published_at":5,"updated_at":99,"prev":100,"next":104},53,"HTML Input Attributes (required, placeholder, pattern)","html-input-attributes-required-placeholder-pattern","\u003Ch1 id=\"html-input-attributes-required-placeholder-pattern\">HTML Input Attributes (required, placeholder, pattern)\u003C\u002Fh1>\u003Cp>This \u003Cem>HTML input attributes tutorial\u003C\u002Fem> covers the attributes that shape how an input behaves and what data it will accept before a form can even be submitted — the foundation of built-in browser validation.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"the-required-attribute\">The required Attribute\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Marks a field as mandatory. The browser blocks submission and shows a native error message if the field is empty.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><input type=\"text\" name=\"username\" required>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003Ch2 id=\"the-placeholder-attribute\">The placeholder Attribute\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Displays light gray hint text inside an empty input. Important: a placeholder is \u003Cstrong>not\u003C\u002Fstrong> a replacement for a \u003Ccode><label>\u003C\u002Fcode> — it disappears once the user starts typing, which hurts usability and accessibility if used alone.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><input type=\"text\" name=\"username\" placeholder=\"e.g. john_doe\">\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003Ch2 id=\"the-pattern-attribute-trending-regex-validation\">The pattern Attribute (Trending: Regex Validation)\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Regex-based pattern validation\u003C\u002Fstrong> is a trending skill for frontend developers building custom sign-up flows without extra JavaScript libraries. The \u003Ccode>pattern\u003C\u002Fcode> attribute accepts a regular expression the value must match.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><input type=\"text\" name=\"zip\" pattern=\"[0-9]{5}\" title=\"Five digit zip code\">\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003Ch2 id=\"other-key-attributes\">Other Key Attributes\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>minlength\u003C\u002Fcode> \u002F \u003Ccode>maxlength\u003C\u002Fcode> — restrict the number of characters allowed\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>min\u003C\u002Fcode> \u002F \u003Ccode>max\u003C\u002Fcode> — restrict numeric or date ranges (used with number, range, date types)\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>readonly\u003C\u002Fcode> — value visible but cannot be edited by the user\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>disabled\u003C\u002Fcode> — input is neither editable nor submitted with the form\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>autofocus\u003C\u002Fcode> — automatically focuses the input when the page loads\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>step\u003C\u002Fcode> — defines the increment for number\u002Frange inputs\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"combining-attributes-for-real-world-validation\">Combining Attributes for Real-World Validation\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Real signup forms typically combine several attributes together — for example, a password field might use \u003Ccode>required\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>minlength=\"8\"\u003C\u002Fcode>, and a \u003Ccode>pattern\u003C\u002Fcode> requiring at least one number and one letter.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"live-example\">Live Example\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Try submitting the form below with an empty username or an invalid zip code to see native browser validation in action.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><form>\n  <label for='username'>Username (required):<\u002Flabel>\n  <input type='text' id='username' name='username' placeholder='e.g. john_doe' required minlength='3' maxlength='15'><br><br>\n\n  <label for='zip'>Zip Code (5 digits):<\u002Flabel>\n  <input type='text' id='zip' name='zip' pattern='[0-9]{5}' title='Enter a five digit zip code' placeholder='e.g. 74200'><br><br>\n\n  <label for='age'>Age (18-99):<\u002Flabel>\n  <input type='number' id='age' name='age' min='18' max='99' step='1'><br><br>\n\n  <button type='submit'>Submit<\u002Fbutton>\n<\u002Fform>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-javascript\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode>const zipRegex = \u002F^[0-9]{5}$\u002F;\nconsole.log(zipRegex.test('74200')); 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