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sticky)","position-relative-absolute-fixed-sticky",{"id":563,"title":564,"slug":565,"order_index":216,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":69},118,"Z-index & Stacking Contexts","z-index-and-stacking-contexts",{"id":567,"title":568,"slug":569,"order_index":221,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},119,"Float & Clear (Legacy, and Why to Avoid It)","float-and-clear",{"id":571,"title":572,"slug":573,"order_index":226,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":69},120,"Centering Techniques","centering-techniques",{"id":575,"title":576,"slug":577,"order_index":231,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":77},121,"aspect-ratio & object-fit","aspect-ratio-and-object-fit",{"id":579,"title":580,"slug":581,"order_index":236,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},122,"Website Layout Basics","website-layout-basics",{"id":140,"name":583,"slug":584,"order_index":368,"topics":585},"The Modern CSS Toolkit","the-modern-css-toolkit",[586,590,594,598,602,606],{"id":587,"title":588,"slug":589,"order_index":241,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},129,"CSS Variables (Custom Properties)","css-variables-custom-properties",{"id":591,"title":592,"slug":593,"order_index":250,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},130,"Math Functions (calc, min, max, clamp)","math-functions-calc-min-max-clamp",{"id":595,"title":596,"slug":597,"order_index":255,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":77},131,"Native CSS Nesting","native-css-nesting",{"id":599,"title":600,"slug":601,"order_index":264,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":77},132,"Cascade Layers (@layer)","cascade-layers-at-layer",{"id":603,"title":604,"slug":605,"order_index":269,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":85},133,"Dark Mode (prefers-color-scheme, light-dark())","dark-mode-prefers-color-scheme-light-dark",{"id":607,"title":608,"slug":609,"order_index":274,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},134,"CSS Reset & Normalize","css-reset-and-normalize",{"id":145,"name":611,"slug":612,"order_index":368,"topics":613},"Responsive Design","responsive-design",[614,618,622,626,630,634],{"id":615,"title":616,"slug":617,"order_index":279,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":85},135,"Mobile-First & the Viewport","mobile-first-and-the-viewport",{"id":619,"title":620,"slug":621,"order_index":213,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},136,"Media Queries","media-queries",{"id":623,"title":624,"slug":625,"order_index":218,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":81},137,"Responsive Images & Video","responsive-images-and-video",{"id":627,"title":628,"slug":629,"order_index":223,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":85},138,"Fluid Typography with clamp()","fluid-typography-with-clamp",{"id":631,"title":632,"slug":633,"order_index":228,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":85},139,"Container Queries","container-queries",{"id":635,"title":636,"slug":637,"order_index":233,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":97},140,"Responsive Navigation Pattern","responsive-navigation-pattern",{"id":150,"name":639,"slug":640,"order_index":368,"topics":641},"Transitions & Animation","transitions-animation",[642,646,650,654,658,662,666],{"id":643,"title":644,"slug":645,"order_index":238,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},141,"CSS Transitions: Smooth State Changes with transition, @starting-style and allow-discrete","css-transitions",{"id":647,"title":648,"slug":649,"order_index":247,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":61},142,"CSS 2D Transforms: translate, rotate, scale, skew and transform-origin","css-2d-transforms",{"id":651,"title":652,"slug":653,"order_index":252,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},143,"CSS 3D Transforms: perspective, preserve-3d, rotateX\u002FY and backface-visibility","css-3d-transforms",{"id":655,"title":656,"slug":657,"order_index":261,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},144,"CSS Keyframe Animations: @keyframes, animation shorthand, fill-mode and @property","css-keyframe-animations",{"id":659,"title":660,"slug":661,"order_index":266,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},145,"CSS Scroll-Driven Animations: animation-timeline, scroll() and view()","css-scroll-driven-animations",{"id":663,"title":664,"slug":665,"order_index":271,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":65},146,"CSS View Transitions API: Progressive Enhancement for Page and State Animations","css-view-transitions",{"id":667,"title":668,"slug":669,"order_index":276,"cornerstone":52,"reading_time_minutes":69},147,"Motion Accessibility and Performance: prefers-reduced-motion, will-change and Smooth 60fps Animations","motion-accessibility-prefers-reduced-motion-performance",{"data":671},{"id":387,"title":388,"slug":389,"content":672,"course":673,"subcategory":674,"author":675,"reading_time_minutes":69,"cornerstone":52,"schema_type":681,"faq_json":5,"video_url":5,"canonical_url":682,"meta_title":683,"meta_description":684,"og_image":5,"toc_json":685,"code_examples":718,"quiz":5,"exercises":735,"published_at":5,"updated_at":743,"prev":744,"next":745},"\u003Ch2 id=\"tooltips-vs-popovers\">Tooltips vs popovers\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>A \u003Cstrong>tooltip\u003C\u002Fstrong> is a small text hint that appears when an element is hovered or focused. A \u003Cstrong>popover\u003C\u002Fstrong> is a larger floating panel that can contain links, buttons, forms or rich content, and is opened by an explicit action such as a click. Choosing the right one is the most important design decision, because each has different accessibility rules.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cp>Focus keyword: \u003Cstrong>CSS tooltips and popovers\u003C\u002Fstrong>. Related trending keywords: \u003Cem>Popover API\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>popovertarget\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>anchor positioning\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>position-area\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>top layer\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>light dismiss\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>toggletip\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>@starting-style popover animation\u003C\u002Fem>, \u003Cem>WCAG 1.4.13\u003C\u002Fem>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"when-to-use-which\">When to use which\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Tooltip\u003C\u002Fstrong>: short, non-essential, text-only supplementary info for a control (for example the name of an icon button). Never put interactive content inside a tooltip.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Toggletip\u003C\u002Fstrong>: a click-activated small message, good for help icons. Content is announced with a live region.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Popover\u003C\u002Fstrong>: rich or interactive content like menus, filters, profile cards and date pickers.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>Dialog\u003C\u002Fstrong>: modal content that needs a decision. It blocks the page, unlike a popover.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"tooltip-accessibility-rules\">Tooltip accessibility rules\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Show on \u003Cstrong>hover and keyboard focus\u003C\u002Fstrong>, not hover only.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Connect it with \u003Ccode>aria-describedby\u003C\u002Fcode> and give the tooltip \u003Ccode>role='tooltip'\u003C\u002Fcode>. For icon buttons, the name should usually come from \u003Ccode>aria-label\u003C\u002Fcode> and the tooltip is an extra visual.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Cstrong>WCAG 1.4.13 Content on Hover or Focus\u003C\u002Fstrong>: the extra content must be \u003Cem>dismissible\u003C\u002Fem> (Escape closes it without moving pointer or focus), \u003Cem>hoverable\u003C\u002Fem> (the pointer can move onto it without it disappearing) and \u003Cem>persistent\u003C\u002Fem> (it stays until dismissed or no longer relevant).\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Do not put essential information only in a tooltip, since touch users cannot hover.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"the-popover-api\">The Popover API\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>The HTML \u003Ccode>popover\u003C\u002Fcode> attribute turns any element into a popover that is shown in the \u003Cstrong>top layer\u003C\u002Fstrong>, so it is never clipped by \u003Ccode>overflow: hidden\u003C\u002Fcode> and does not need \u003Ccode>z-index\u003C\u002Fcode>. Connect a button with \u003Ccode>popovertarget='id'\u003C\u002Fcode>; no JavaScript is required.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>popover\u003C\u002Fcode> (same as \u003Ccode>popover='auto'\u003C\u002Fcode>): light dismiss (click outside or press Escape closes it) and only one auto popover is open at a time.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>\u003Ccode>popover='manual'\u003C\u002Fcode>: no light dismiss, you control opening and closing. Good for toasts.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Methods: \u003Ccode>showPopover()\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>hidePopover()\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>togglePopover()\u003C\u002Fcode>. Events: \u003Ccode>beforetoggle\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>toggle\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Style the open state with \u003Ccode>:popover-open\u003C\u002Fcode> and the backdrop with \u003Ccode>::backdrop\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>The browser provides focus return and basic accessibility, but you still need a good trigger label and meaningful content.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"animating-popovers\">Animating popovers\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Because popovers change between \u003Ccode>display: none\u003C\u002Fcode> and shown, animate them with \u003Ccode>@starting-style\u003C\u002Fcode> and \u003Ccode>transition-behavior: allow-discrete\u003C\u002Fcode>: set \u003Ccode>transition: opacity .25s, transform .25s, overlay .25s allow-discrete, display .25s allow-discrete;\u003C\u002Fcode>. Define the closed style on \u003Ccode>[popover]\u003C\u002Fcode>, the open style on \u003Ccode>:popover-open\u003C\u002Fcode>, and the starting style inside \u003Ccode>@starting-style\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"css-anchor-positioning\">CSS anchor positioning\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Anchor positioning lets you attach a floating element to another element in pure CSS, replacing JavaScript positioning libraries in many cases. Give the trigger \u003Ccode>anchor-name: --tip\u003C\u002Fcode>; on the popover use \u003Ccode>position: fixed; position-anchor: --tip; position-area: top;\u003C\u002Fcode> (or \u003Ccode>bottom\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>left\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>right\u003C\u002Fcode>, \u003Ccode>top span-right\u003C\u002Fcode>). Use \u003Ccode>position-try-fallbacks: flip-block\u003C\u002Fcode> so it flips when there is no room. Because support is still growing, treat it as progressive enhancement: wrap it in \u003Ccode>@supports (position-anchor: --a)\u003C\u002Fcode> and keep a simple fallback position.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Ch2 id=\"best-practices\">Best practices\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cul>\u003Cli>Keep tooltip text short (under about 80 characters).\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Provide sufficient contrast and a pointer arrow only if it adds clarity.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Do not cover the trigger itself or important nearby content.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Respect \u003Ccode>prefers-reduced-motion\u003C\u002Fcode>.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003Cli>Test with keyboard only, a screen reader and on touch devices.\u003C\u002Fli>\u003C\u002Ful>\u003Ch2 id=\"quick-summary\">Quick summary\u003C\u002Fh2>\u003Cp>Use tooltips for short, non-essential hints with hover and focus support, toggletips for click-activated help, and the Popover API plus anchor positioning for rich floating panels. That gives accessible \u003Cstrong>CSS tooltips and popovers\u003C\u002Fstrong> with very little JavaScript.\u003C\u002Fp>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 80px 40px; }\n  .tip { position: relative; display: inline-block; }\n  .tip button { padding: 10px 16px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #4f46e5; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  .tip button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #f59e0b; outline-offset: 3px; }\n  .tip [role='tooltip'] { position: absolute; bottom: calc(100% + 10px); left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(4px); padding: 8px 12px; background: #0f172a; color: #fff; font-size: 13px; border-radius: 8px; white-space: nowrap; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transition: opacity .15s, transform .15s, visibility .15s; }\n  .tip [role='tooltip']::after { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 50%; margin-left: -6px; border: 6px solid transparent; border-top-color: #0f172a; }\n  .tip:hover [role='tooltip'], .tip:focus-within [role='tooltip'] { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: translateX(-50%); }\n  \u002F* WCAG 1.4.13: Escape dismisses *\u002F\n  .tip.dismissed [role='tooltip'] { opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; }\n  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .tip [role='tooltip'] { transition: none; } }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<span class='tip' id='tip'>\n  <button aria-describedby='t1'>Hover or focus me<\u002Fbutton>\n  <span role='tooltip' id='t1'>Saves your work to the cloud<\u002Fspan>\n<\u002Fspan>\n<script>\n  var tip = document.getElementById('tip');\n  document.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Escape') tip.classList.add('dismissed'); });\n  tip.addEventListener('mouseleave', function () { tip.classList.remove('dismissed'); });\n  tip.addEventListener('focusout', function () { tip.classList.remove('dismissed'); });\n<\u002Fscript>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 30px; }\n  .open-btn { padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #0f766e; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  [popover] { padding: 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25); max-width: 280px; }\n  [popover] h3 { margin: 0 0 6px; }\n  [popover] p { margin: 0 0 12px; color: #475569; }\n  [popover] button { padding: 8px 14px; border: 0; border-radius: 8px; background: #e2e8f0; cursor: pointer; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button class='open-btn' popovertarget='pop'>Open popover<\u002Fbutton>\n<div id='pop' popover>\n  <h3>Hello popover<\u002Fh3>\n  <p>No JavaScript needed. Press Escape or click outside to close (light dismiss).<\u002Fp>\n  <button popovertarget='pop' popovertargetaction='hide'>Close<\u002Fbutton>\n<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 30px; }\n  .open-btn { padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #7c3aed; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  #menu { padding: 16px 20px; border: 0; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25); opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px) scale(.96); transition: opacity .25s, transform .25s, overlay .25s allow-discrete, display .25s allow-discrete; }\n  #menu:popover-open { opacity: 1; transform: none; }\n  @starting-style { #menu:popover-open { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px) scale(.96); } }\n  #menu::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,0); transition: background-color .25s, overlay .25s allow-discrete, display .25s allow-discrete; }\n  #menu:popover-open::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,.35); }\n  @starting-style { #menu:popover-open::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,0); } }\n  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { #menu, #menu::backdrop { transition: none; } }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button class='open-btn' popovertarget='menu'>Animated popover<\u002Fbutton>\n<div id='menu' popover>\n  <strong>Quick actions<\u002Fstrong>\n  <p style='margin:8px 0 0'>Animated with @starting-style and allow-discrete.<\u002Fp>\n<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 120px 40px; }\n  .anchor-btn { anchor-name: --help; padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #0ea5e9; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  .pop { margin: 0; inset: auto; padding: 12px 16px; border: 0; border-radius: 12px; background: #0f172a; color: #fff; max-width: 240px; box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.3); }\n  \u002F* Progressive enhancement: position next to the trigger in CSS *\u002F\n  @supports (position-anchor: --help) {\n    .pop { position: fixed; position-anchor: --help; position-area: top; margin-bottom: 10px; position-try-fallbacks: flip-block; }\n  }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<button class='anchor-btn' popovertarget='p'>Anchored popover<\u002Fbutton>\n<div class='pop' id='p' popover>Positioned with CSS anchor positioning. It flips below when there is no room above.<\u002Fdiv>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\u003Cdiv class=\"try-it-yourself language-html\">\u003Cpre>\u003Ccode><style>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 40px; }\n  .wrap { position: relative; display: inline-block; }\n  .help { width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid #4f46e5; background: #fff; color: #4f46e5; font-weight: 800; cursor: pointer; }\n  .help:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #f59e0b; outline-offset: 3px; }\n  .bubble { position: absolute; left: 0; top: calc(100% + 8px); width: 240px; padding: 10px 14px; background: #eef2ff; color: #1e1b4b; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.15); font-size: 14px; }\n  .bubble:empty { display: none; }\n<\u002Fstyle>\n<div class='wrap'>\n  <button class='help' id='h' aria-label='More information about passwords'>?<\u002Fbutton>\n  <div class='bubble' id='b' role='status' aria-live='polite'><\u002Fdiv>\n<\u002Fdiv>\n<script>\n  var h = document.getElementById('h'), b = document.getElementById('b');\n  h.addEventListener('click', function () { b.textContent = b.textContent ? '' : 'Use at least 12 characters with a mix of words.'; });\n  document.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Escape') b.textContent = ''; });\n  document.addEventListener('click', function (e) { if (!h.contains(e.target)) b.textContent = ''; });\n<\u002Fscript>\u003C\u002Fcode>\u003C\u002Fpre>\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"name":9,"slug":10},{"name":366,"slug":367},{"slug":676,"display_name":677,"job_title":5,"short_bio":5,"expertise_tags":678,"headshot":5,"long_bio":5,"credentials":5,"twitter_url":5,"linkedin_url":5,"github_url":5,"personal_website_url":5,"other_sameas_urls":5,"topics":679,"posts":680},"badar-khalil","Badar Khalil",[],[],[],"Article","https:\u002F\u002Fwpfsharp.com\u002Ftopics\u002Fcss-tooltips-popovers","CSS Tooltips & Popover API: Accessible Overlays Guide","Build tooltips and popovers with the Popover API, anchor positioning, top layer, @starting-style animation and WCAG 1.4.13 accessibility rules.",[686,690,694,698,702,706,710,714],{"id":687,"text":688,"level":12,"children":689},"tooltips-vs-popovers","Tooltips vs popovers",[],{"id":691,"text":692,"level":12,"children":693},"when-to-use-which","When to use which",[],{"id":695,"text":696,"level":12,"children":697},"tooltip-accessibility-rules","Tooltip accessibility rules",[],{"id":699,"text":700,"level":12,"children":701},"the-popover-api","The Popover API",[],{"id":703,"text":704,"level":12,"children":705},"animating-popovers","Animating popovers",[],{"id":707,"text":708,"level":12,"children":709},"css-anchor-positioning","CSS anchor positioning",[],{"id":711,"text":712,"level":12,"children":713},"best-practices","Best practices",[],{"id":715,"text":716,"level":12,"children":717},"quick-summary","Quick summary",[],[719,723,726,729,732],{"id":720,"language":16,"code":721,"is_editable":722},624,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 80px 40px; }\n  .tip { position: relative; display: inline-block; }\n  .tip button { padding: 10px 16px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #4f46e5; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  .tip button:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #f59e0b; outline-offset: 3px; }\n  .tip [role='tooltip'] { position: absolute; bottom: calc(100% + 10px); left: 50%; transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(4px); padding: 8px 12px; background: #0f172a; color: #fff; font-size: 13px; border-radius: 8px; white-space: nowrap; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transition: opacity .15s, transform .15s, visibility .15s; }\n  .tip [role='tooltip']::after { content: ''; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 50%; margin-left: -6px; border: 6px solid transparent; border-top-color: #0f172a; }\n  .tip:hover [role='tooltip'], .tip:focus-within [role='tooltip'] { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: translateX(-50%); }\n  \u002F* WCAG 1.4.13: Escape dismisses *\u002F\n  .tip.dismissed [role='tooltip'] { opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; }\n  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .tip [role='tooltip'] { transition: none; } }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cspan class='tip' id='tip'>\n  \u003Cbutton aria-describedby='t1'>Hover or focus me\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003Cspan role='tooltip' id='t1'>Saves your work to the cloud\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cscript>\n  var tip = document.getElementById('tip');\n  document.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Escape') tip.classList.add('dismissed'); });\n  tip.addEventListener('mouseleave', function () { tip.classList.remove('dismissed'); });\n  tip.addEventListener('focusout', function () { tip.classList.remove('dismissed'); });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>",true,{"id":724,"language":16,"code":725,"is_editable":722},625,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 30px; }\n  .open-btn { padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #0f766e; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  [popover] { padding: 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25); max-width: 280px; }\n  [popover] h3 { margin: 0 0 6px; }\n  [popover] p { margin: 0 0 12px; color: #475569; }\n  [popover] button { padding: 8px 14px; border: 0; border-radius: 8px; background: #e2e8f0; cursor: pointer; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='open-btn' popovertarget='pop'>Open popover\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cdiv id='pop' popover>\n  \u003Ch3>Hello popover\u003C\u002Fh3>\n  \u003Cp>No JavaScript needed. Press Escape or click outside to close (light dismiss).\u003C\u002Fp>\n  \u003Cbutton popovertarget='pop' popovertargetaction='hide'>Close\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":727,"language":16,"code":728,"is_editable":722},626,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 30px; }\n  .open-btn { padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #7c3aed; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  #menu { padding: 16px 20px; border: 0; border-radius: 14px; box-shadow: 0 16px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25); opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px) scale(.96); transition: opacity .25s, transform .25s, overlay .25s allow-discrete, display .25s allow-discrete; }\n  #menu:popover-open { opacity: 1; transform: none; }\n  @starting-style { #menu:popover-open { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px) scale(.96); } }\n  #menu::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,0); transition: background-color .25s, overlay .25s allow-discrete, display .25s allow-discrete; }\n  #menu:popover-open::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,.35); }\n  @starting-style { #menu:popover-open::backdrop { background: rgba(15,23,42,0); } }\n  @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { #menu, #menu::backdrop { transition: none; } }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='open-btn' popovertarget='menu'>Animated popover\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cdiv id='menu' popover>\n  \u003Cstrong>Quick actions\u003C\u002Fstrong>\n  \u003Cp style='margin:8px 0 0'>Animated with @starting-style and allow-discrete.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":730,"language":16,"code":731,"is_editable":722},627,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 120px 40px; }\n  .anchor-btn { anchor-name: --help; padding: 10px 18px; border: 0; border-radius: 10px; background: #0ea5e9; color: #fff; font: 600 15px system-ui; cursor: pointer; }\n  .pop { margin: 0; inset: auto; padding: 12px 16px; border: 0; border-radius: 12px; background: #0f172a; color: #fff; max-width: 240px; box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.3); }\n  \u002F* Progressive enhancement: position next to the trigger in CSS *\u002F\n  @supports (position-anchor: --help) {\n    .pop { position: fixed; position-anchor: --help; position-area: top; margin-bottom: 10px; position-try-fallbacks: flip-block; }\n  }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cbutton class='anchor-btn' popovertarget='p'>Anchored popover\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n\u003Cdiv class='pop' id='p' popover>Positioned with CSS anchor positioning. It flips below when there is no room above.\u003C\u002Fdiv>",{"id":733,"language":16,"code":734,"is_editable":722},628,"\u003Cstyle>\n  body { font-family: system-ui, sans-serif; padding: 40px; }\n  .wrap { position: relative; display: inline-block; }\n  .help { width: 32px; height: 32px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid #4f46e5; background: #fff; color: #4f46e5; font-weight: 800; cursor: pointer; }\n  .help:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid #f59e0b; outline-offset: 3px; }\n  .bubble { position: absolute; left: 0; top: calc(100% + 8px); width: 240px; padding: 10px 14px; background: #eef2ff; color: #1e1b4b; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.15); font-size: 14px; }\n  .bubble:empty { display: none; }\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cdiv class='wrap'>\n  \u003Cbutton class='help' id='h' aria-label='More information about passwords'>?\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003Cdiv class='bubble' id='b' role='status' aria-live='polite'>\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003C\u002Fdiv>\n\u003Cscript>\n  var h = document.getElementById('h'), b = document.getElementById('b');\n  h.addEventListener('click', function () { b.textContent = b.textContent ? '' : 'Use at least 12 characters with a mix of words.'; });\n  document.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) { if (e.key === 'Escape') b.textContent = ''; });\n  document.addEventListener('click', function (e) { if (!h.contains(e.target)) b.textContent = ''; });\n\u003C\u002Fscript>",[736],{"id":737,"title":738,"slug":739,"prompt":740,"starter_code":741,"expected_output":742,"language":16,"order_index":23},216,"Make a WCAG 1.4.13 compliant tooltip","wcag-compliant-tooltip","Finish the tooltip so it shows on hover and on keyboard focus, is connected with aria-describedby, stays visible when the pointer moves onto the tooltip (hoverable) and closes when Escape is pressed (dismissible).","\u003Cstyle>\n  .tip { position: relative; display: inline-block; margin: 60px; }\n  .tip [role='tooltip'] { position: absolute; bottom: 100%; left: 0; padding: 6px 10px; background: #0f172a; color: #fff; border-radius: 6px; font-size: 13px; visibility: hidden; }\n  \u002F* TODO: show on hover and focus-within; keep hoverable; hide on Escape via class *\u002F\n\u003C\u002Fstyle>\n\u003Cspan class='tip'>\n  \u003Cbutton>Info\u003C\u002Fbutton>\n  \u003Cspan role='tooltip' id='tt'>Helpful extra detail\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003C\u002Fspan>\n\u003Cscript>\n  \u002F\u002F TODO: aria-describedby and Escape handler\n\u003C\u002Fscript>","The tooltip shows on hover and focus, remains visible while the pointer is over it, and disappears when Escape is pressed.","2026-09-30T18:59:00+00:00",{"id":383,"slug":385,"title":384},{"id":391,"slug":393,"title":392}]